Predictors of post-thrombotic syndrome in a population with a first deep vein thrombosis and no primary venous insufficiency.
J Thromb Haemost. 2012 Dec 19;
Authors: Galanaud JP, Holcroft CA, Rodger MA, Kovacs MJ, Betancourt MT, Wells PS, Anderson DR, Chagnon I, Gal GL, Solymoss S, Crowther MA, Perrier A, White RH, Vickars LM, Ramsay T, Kahn SR
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is the most frequent complication of deep-vein thrombosis (DVT). Its diagnosis is based on clinical characteristics. However, symptoms and signs of PTS are non-specific and could be the consequence of concomitant primary venous insufficiency (PVI) rather than DVT. This could bias evaluation of PTS. METHODS: Using data from the REVERSE multicentre study, we assessed risk factors for PTS in patients with a first unprovoked unilateral proximal DVT 5-7 months earlier who were free of clinically significant PVI (defined as absence of moderate or severe venous ectasia in the contralateral leg). RESULTS: Among the 328 patients considered the prevalence of PTS was 27.1%. Obesity (OR=2.6[1.5-4.7]), mild contralateral venous ectasia (OR=2.2[1.1-4.3]), poor INR control (OR per additional 1% of time with INR<2 during anticoagulant treatment=1.018[1.003-1.034]) and presence of residual venous obstruction on ultrasound (OR=2.1[1.1-3.7]) significantly increased the risk for PTS in multivariable analyses. When restricting our analysis to patients without any signs, even mild, of contralateral venous insufficiency (n=244), prevalence of PTS decreased slightly to 24.6%. Only obesity remained an independent predictor of PTS (OR=2.6[1.3-5.0]). Poor INR control and residual venous obstruction also increased the risk, but results were no longer statistically significant (OR=1.017[0.999-1.035] and OR=1.7[0.9-3.3], respectively). CONCLUSIONS: After a first unprovoked proximal DVT, obese patients and patients with even mild PVI constitute a group at increased risk of developing PTS for whom particular attention should be paid with respect to PTS prevention. Careful monitoring of anticoagulant treatment may prevent PTS. © 2012 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis.
PMID: 23279046 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]