Age Ageing. 2022 Sep 2;51(9):afac191. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afac191.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: our aim was to assess the effectiveness of medication review and deprescribing interventions as a single intervention in falls prevention.
DESIGN: systematic review and meta-analysis.
DATA SOURCES: Medline, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, PsycINFO until 28 March 2022.
ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: randomised controlled trials of older participants comparing any medication review or deprescribing intervention with usual care and reporting falls as an outcome.
STUDY RECORDS: title/abstract and full-text screening by two reviewers.
RISK OF BIAS: Cochrane Collaboration revised tool.
DATA SYNTHESIS: results reported separately for different settings and sufficiently comparable studies meta-analysed.
RESULTS: forty-nine heterogeneous studies were included.
COMMUNITY: meta-analyses of medication reviews resulted in a risk ratio (RR) of 1.05 (95% confidence interval, 0.85-1.29, I2 = 0%, 3 studies(s)) for number of fallers, in an RR = 0.95 (0.70-1.27, I2 = 37%, 3 s) for number of injurious fallers and in a rate ratio (RaR) of 0.89 (0.69-1.14, I2 = 0%, 2 s) for injurious falls.
HOSPITAL: meta-analyses assessing medication reviews resulted in an RR = 0.97 (0.74-1.28, I2 = 15%, 2 s) and in an RR = 0.50 (0.07-3.50, I2 = 72% %, 2 s) for number of fallers after and during admission, respectively.
LONG-TERM CARE: meta-analyses investigating medication reviews or deprescribing plans resulted in an RR = 0.86 (0.72-1.02, I2 = 0%, 5 s) for number of fallers and in an RaR = 0.93 (0.64-1.35, I2 = 92%, 7 s) for number of falls.
CONCLUSIONS: the heterogeneity of the interventions precluded us to estimate the exact effect of medication review and deprescribing as a single intervention. For future studies, more comparability is warranted. These interventions should not be implemented as a stand-alone strategy in falls prevention but included in multimodal strategies due to the multifactorial nature of falls.PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020218231.
PMID:36153749 | PMC:PMC9509688 | DOI:10.1093/ageing/afac191