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Invasive Mold Disease in Hematologic Patients: Comparison between Fusariosis and Aspergillosis.
Clin Microbiol Infect. 2018 May 19;:
Authors: Nucci F, Nouér SA, Capone D, Nucci M
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To compare the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment and outcome of hematologic patients with invasive aspergillosis (IA) or invasive fusariosis (IF).
METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 36 patients with IA and 26 with IF diagnosed between 2006 and 2017 in hematologic patients, and compared baseline characteristics, coexisting exposures, clinical manifestations, treatment and the outcome.
RESULTS: Fever was more frequent in IF (96.2% vs. 63.9%, p=0.003), whereas pneumonia (88.9% vs. 50.0%, p=0.001) and sinusitis (63.9% vs. 38.5%, p=0.048) were more frequent in IA. Skin lesions and positive blood cultures occurred exclusively in patients with IF. Among patients with pneumonia, the halo sign was more frequent in IA (62.5% vs. 23.1%, p=0.02). Serum galactomannan was positive in 88.6% of patients with IA and in 73.3% with IF (p=0.18), with no differences in the median number of positive tests and galactomannan values. Positive serum galactomannan plus lung infiltrates was the predominant clinical presentation in IA and occurred in 4 of 13 patients with IF and lung involvement. The 30-day survival was 77.7% in IA and 46.1% in IF (p=0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: IA and IF share the same epidemiologic scenario but different clinical presentations in the majority of cases, with disease in the airways in IA, and fever, metastatic skin lesions and positive blood cultures in IF. However, a substantial proportion of patients with IF present with a clinical picture similar to IA, with fever, lung infiltrates and positive serum galactomannan.
PMID: 29787890 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]