Sex Difference in Outcomes of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Young Patients

Link to article at PubMed

J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023 May 9;81(18):1797-1806. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.03.383.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Younger women experience worse health status than men after their index episode of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, whether women have a higher risk for cardiovascular and noncardiovascular hospitalizations in the year after discharge is unknown.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine sex differences in causes and timing of 1-year outcomes after AMI in people aged 18 to 55 years.

METHODS: Data from the VIRGO (Variation in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young AMI Patients) study, which enrolled young patients with AMI across 103 U.S. hospitals, were used. Sex differences in all-cause and cause-specific hospitalizations were compared by calculating incidence rates ([IRs] per 1,000 person-years) and IR ratios with 95% CIs. We then performed sequential modeling to evaluate the sex difference by calculating subdistribution HRs (SHRs) accounting for deaths.

RESULTS: Among 2,979 patients, at least 1 hospitalization occurred among 905 patients (30.4%) in the year after discharge. The leading causes of hospitalization were coronary related (IR: 171.8 [95% CI: 153.6-192.2] among women vs 117.8 [95% CI: 97.3-142.6] among men), followed by noncardiac hospitalization (IR: 145.8 [95% CI: 129.2-164.5] among women vs 69.6 [95% CI: 54.5-88.9] among men). Furthermore, a sex difference was present for coronary-related hospitalizations (SHR: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.04-1.70; P = 0.02) and noncardiac hospitalizations (SHR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.13-2.07; P = 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS: Young women with AMI experience more adverse outcomes than men in the year after discharge. Coronary-related hospitalizations were most common, but noncardiac hospitalizations showed the most significant sex disparity.

PMID:37137590 | DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2023.03.383

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