2021 Jul 18. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021 Jan–.
ABSTRACT
Myxedema coma is a rare fatal condition as a result of long-standing hypothyroidism with loss of the adaptive mechanism to maintain homeostasis. Hypothyroidism due to any cause, including autoimmune disease, iodine deficiency, congenital abnormalities, or medications like lithium and amiodarone, can precipitate myxedema coma if left untreated. Even with early diagnosis and treatment of myxedema coma, the mortality rate is variable, with some reports as high as 60% and others as low as 20 to 25% in the presence of advanced intensive support care. Early recognition, with a thorough history and physical exam, and early treatment is paramount for myxedema coma. History of any thyroid dysfunction, thyroid medication, adherence with thyroid medication, thyroid surgery, and history of any drugs that may affect thyroid function require assessment in any patient suspected myxedema coma.