Susceptibility to frequent exacerbation in COPD patients: Impact of the exacerbations history, vaccinations and comorbidities?

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Susceptibility to frequent exacerbation in COPD patients: Impact of the exacerbations history, vaccinations and comorbidities?

Respir Med. 2020 May 11;169:106018

Authors: Ouaalaya EH, Falque L, Dupis JM, Sabatini M, Bernady A, Nguyen L, Ozier A, Nocent-Ejnaini C, Le Guillou F, Molimard M, Zysman M, Raherison-Semjen C

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Exacerbations are key events in the natural history of COPD, but our understanding of their longitudinal determinants remains unclear. We used data from a large observational study to test the hypothesis that vaccination status and comorbidities could be associated with the occurrence of exacerbations profile.
METHODS: Diagnosed COPD patients have been included by their pulmonologists, with up to 3 years of follow-up. Data were analyzed using the KmL method designed to cluster longitudinal data and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis to determine the best threshold to allocate patients to identified clusters.
RESULTS: 932 COPD patients were included since January 2014, 446 patients (65.68% males, 35.59% current smokers) were followed over a period of 3 years with complete data. 239(28.15%) patients reported two or more exacerbations in the year before enrolment (frequent exacerbations). Among them 142(16.68%) also had frequent exacerbations in the first year of the study, and 69(8.10%) who remained frequent exacerbators in the second year. Based on our hypothesis, we were able to determine four phenotypes: A (infrequent), B (frequent in underweight patients), C (transient), and D (frequent in obese patients). Frequent exacerbators had more airflow limitation and symptoms. Irrespective of cut-offs set to define the optimal number of clusters, a history of exacerbations OR: 3.72[2.53-5.49], presence of anxiety OR: 2.03[1.24-3.31] and absence of the annual influenza vaccination OR: 1.97[1.20-3.24] remained associated with the frequent exacerbator phenotypes.
CONCLUSIONS: The most important determinants of frequent exacerbations are a history of exacerbations, anxiety and unvaccinated against influenza.

PMID: 32442114 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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