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Pressure-support ventilation versus T-piece during spontaneous breathing trials before extubation among patients at high-risk of extubation failure: a post-hoc analysis of a clinical trial.
Chest. 2020 May 18;:
Authors: Thille AW, Coudroy R, Nay MA, Gacouin A, Demoule A, Sonneville R, Beloncle F, Girault C, Dangers L, Lautrette A, Levrat Q, Rouzé A, Vivier E, Lascarrou JB, Ricard JD, Razazi K, Barberet G, Lebert C, Ehrmann S, Massri A, Bourenne J, Pradel G, Bailly P, Terzi N, Dellamonica J, Lacave G, Robert R, Ragot S, Frat JP, HIGH-WEAN Study Group and for the REVA Research Network
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) using T-piece remains the most frequently performed trial before extubation in ICUs.
RESEARCH QUESTION: We aimed at determining whether initial SBT using pressure-support ventilation (PSV) could increase successful extubation rates among patients at high-risk of extubation failure.
STUDY DESIGN: and Methods: Post-hoc analysis of a multicenter trial focusing on reintubation in patients at high-risk of extubation failure. The initial SBT was performed using PSV or T-piece according to the physician/center decision. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients successfully extubated 72h after initial SBT, i.e. extubated after initial SBT and not reintubated within the following 72 hours.
RESULTS: Among the 641 patients included in the original study, initial SBT was performed using PSV (7.0 cm H2O in median without positive end-expiratory pressure) in 243 patients (38%) and using T-piece in 398 patients (62%). The proportion of patients successfully extubated 72h after initial SBT was 67% (162/243) using PSV and 56% (223/398) using T-piece (absolute difference 10.6%, 95% CI 2.8 to 28.1; p=0.0076). The proportion of patients extubated after initial SBT was 77% (186/283) using PSV and 63% (249/398) using T-piece (p=0.0002), while reintubation rates within the following 72 hours did not significantly differ (13% vs. 10%, respectively; p=0.4259). Performing an initial SBT using PSV was independently associated with successful extubation (adjusted odds ratio 1.60, 95% CI 1.30 to 2.18; p=0.0061).
INTERPRETATION: In patients at high-risk of extubation failure in the ICU, performing an initial SBT using PSV may hasten extubation without an increased risk of reintubation.
PMID: 32439503 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]