Daptomycin-containing regimens for treatment of gram-positive endocarditis.

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Daptomycin-containing regimens for treatment of gram-positive endocarditis.

Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2019 Aug 07;:

Authors: Russo A, Peghin M, Givone F, Ingani M, Graziano E, Bassetti M

Abstract
PURPOSE: Infective endocarditis (IE) is a severe infection and a leading cause of mortality and morbidity. In clinical practice, daptomycin is routinely used in IE for its favorable microbiological and pharmacological characteristics.
METHODS: A prospective study was conducted in a large tertiary-care hospital in Italy over an 8-year period (January 2010 - January 2018) on all patients with native- (NVE) or prosthetic-valve endocarditis (PVE) caused by gram-positive bacteria. Patients with NVE and PVE treated with regimens that included daptomycin at different dosages (daptomycin-containing regimens, DCR) were compared with those treated with non-DCR. Primary endpoints of the study were 30-day mortality and clinical treatment failure.
RESULTS: During the study period, we analyzed 327 patients with gram-positive NVE (n=224, 68.8%) or PVE (n=103, 31.2%). Eighty-four (37.5%) NVE patients were treated with daptomycin, alone (59.9%) or with other antimicrobials. Most PVE patients (n=61, 58%) were treated with a DCR, which always consisted of daptomycin plus other drugs. Among PVE patients, treatment with a DCR was associated with lower 30-day mortality than treatment with a non-DCR (6.5% vs. 38%, p<0.001). Among NVE patients treated with DCRs, risk factors for 30-day mortality were streptococcal infections, persistent bacteremia, and standard-dose (4-6 mg/kg) rather than high-dose daptomycin therapy. Overall, surgical treatment of IE and DCR were associated with clinical success and 30-day survival.
CONCLUSIONS: Compared with non-DCRs, use of single- or multiple-drug DCRs is associated with lower 30-day mortality in PVE, but with higher 30-day mortality in NVE at approved doses and in subgroup of streptococcal IE.

PMID: 31400470 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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