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Residency Program Factors Associated with Depressive Symptoms in Internal Medicine Interns: A Prospective Cohort Study.
Acad Med. 2018 Dec 18;:
Authors: Pereira-Lima K, Gupta RR, Guille C, Sen S
Abstract
PURPOSE: This study investigated the associations between program-level variables such as organizational structure, workload, and learning environment and residents' development of depressive symptoms during internship.
METHOD: Between 2012 and 2015, 1,276 internal medicine interns from 54 U.S. residency programs completed the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) before internship, and then quarterly throughout the internship. The training environment was assessed via a resident questionnaire (RQ) and average weekly work hours. The authors gathered program structural variables from the American Medical Association Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database (FREIDA online); and program research rankings from Doximity. Associations between program-level variables and change in depressive symptoms were determined using stepwise linear regression modeling.
RESULTS: Mean program PHQ-9 scores increased from 2.3 at baseline to 5.9 during internship (mean difference 3.6, SD 1.4, P < .001), with the mean increase ranging from -0.3 to 8.8 (interquartile range 1.1) among the programs included. In multivariable models, faculty feedback (β -0.37, 95% CI -0.62, -0.12, P = .005), learning experience in in-patient rotations (β -0.28, 95% CI -0.54, -0.02, P = .030), work hours (β 0.34, 95% CI 0.13, 0.56, P = .002), and research ranking position (β -0.25, 95% CI -0.47, -0.03, P = .036) were associated with change in depressive symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS: Poor faculty feedback and inpatient learning experience, long work hours, and high institutional research rankings were associated with increased depressive symptoms among internal medicine interns. These factors may be potential targets for interventions to improve wellness and mental health among these professionals.
PMID: 30570500 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]