Markers of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Predict Adverse Outcome in Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Secondary Analysis of a Randomised Controlled Trial.

Link to article at PubMed

Markers of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Predict Adverse Outcome in Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Secondary Analysis of a Randomised Controlled Trial.

Eur Respir J. 2018 Mar 08;:

Authors: Ebrahimi F, Giaglis S, Hahn S, Blum CA, Baumgartner C, Kutz A, Vontelin van Breda S, Mueller B, Schuetz P, Christ-Crain M, Hasler P

Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are a hallmark of the immune response in inflammatory diseases. However, the role of NETs in community-acquired pneumonia is unknown. This study aims to characterise the impact of NETs on clinical outcomes in pneumonia.This is a secondary analysis of a randomized-controlled, multicentre trial. Patients with community-acquired pneumonia were randomly assigned to either prednisone 50 mg or placebo for 7 days. The primary endpoint was time to clinical stability; main secondary endpoints were length of hospital stay and mortality.In total 310 patients were included in the analysis. Levels of cell-free nucleosomes as surrogate markers of NETosis were significantly increased at admission and declined over 7 days. NETs were significantly associated with reduced hazards of clinical stability and hospital discharge in multivariable adjusted analyses. Moreover, NETs were associated with a 3.8-fold increased adjusted odds ratio of 30-day mortality. Prednisone treatment modified circulatory NET levels and was associated with beneficial outcome.Community-acquired pneumonia is accompanied by pronounced NET formation. Patients with elevated serum NET markers were at higher risk for clinical instability, prolonged length of hospital stay and 30-day all-cause mortality. NETs represent a novel marker for outcome and a possible target for adjunct treatments of pneumonia.

PMID: 29519921 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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