Antibiotic treatment of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli: an international ESCMID cross-sectional survey among infection diseases specialists practicing in large hospitals.

Link to article at PubMed

Antibiotic treatment of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli: an international ESCMID cross-sectional survey among infection diseases specialists practicing in large hospitals.

Clin Microbiol Infect. 2018 Jan 30;:

Authors: Papst L, Beović B, Pulcini C, Durante-Mangoni E, Rodríguez-Baño J, Kaye KS, Daikos GL, Raka L, Paul M, ESGAP, ESGBIS, ESGIE and the CRGNB treatment survey study group

Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To explore contemporary antibiotic management of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (CRGNB) in hospitals.
METHODS: Cross-sectional, internet-based questionnaire survey. We contacted representatives of all hospitals with more than 800 acute-care hospital beds in France, Greece, Israel, Italy, Kosovo, Slovenia, Spain and selected hospitals in the United States. We asked respondents to describe the most common actual practice at their hospital regarding management of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa through close-ended questions.
RESULTS: Between January-June 2017, 115/141 of eligible hospitals participated (overall response rate 81.6%, country-specific rates 66.7%-100%). Most were tertiary-care (99/114, 86.8%), university-affiliated (110/115, 89.1%) hospitals and most representatives were infectious disease specialists (99/115, 86.1%). Combination therapy was prescribed in 114/115 (99.1%) hospitals at least occasionally. Respondents were more likely to consider combination therapy when treating bacteremia, pneumonia and central nervous system infections and for Enterobacteriaceae, P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii similarly. Combination of a polymyxin with a carbapenem was used in most cases, while combinations of a polymyxin with tigecycline, an aminoglycoside, fosfomycin or rifampicin were also common. Monotherapy was used for treatment of complicated urinary tract infections, usually with an aminoglycoside or a polymyxin. The intended goal of combination therapy was to improve effectiveness of the treatment and to prevent development of resistance. In general, respondents shared the misconception that combination therapy is supported by strong scientific evidence.
CONCLUSIONS: Combination therapy was the preferred treatment strategy for infections caused by CRGNB among hospital representatives, even though high-quality evidence for carbapenem-based combination therapy is lacking.

PMID: 29410094 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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