Characteristics and Long-Term Prognosis of Patients ?35 Years of Age with ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and "Normal or Near Normal" Coronary Arteries.

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Characteristics and Long-Term Prognosis of Patients ≤35 Years of Age with ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and "Normal or Near Normal" Coronary Arteries.

Am J Cardiol. 2017 Jun 13;:

Authors: Rallidis LS, Gialeraki A, Triantafyllis AS, Tsirebolos G, Liakos G, Moutsatsou P, Iliodromitis E

Abstract
There are scarce data regarding risk factors and prognosis of patients with premature ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and "normal or near normal" coronary arteries (N/NNCAs). We compared the characteristics and long-term prognosis of patients with premature STEMI and N/NNCAs with their counterparts with significant coronary artery disease (CAD). We recruited 330 patients who had STEMI ≤35 years of age and 167 age- and gender-matched controls. All patients underwent coronary angiography. Coronary arteries with no lesions or lesions causing <30% reduction in lumen diameter were defined as N/NNCAs, whereas narrowings causing ≥50% diameter reduction formed the significant CAD group. Lipid profile, homocysteine levels, and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism were determined. Sixty patients (18%) had N/NNCAs. Patients with N/NNCAs had lower low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and higher high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels, higher homocysteine levels, and higher prevalence of MTHFR TT genotype (34.6 vs 18%, p = 0.008) compared with patients with significant CAD. After a median follow-up of 8 years, cardiovascular events occurred in 105 (36%) of 291 patients with available follow-up data. Significant CAD was associated with higher risk for recurrent cardiovascular events after adjustment for traditional risk factors (hazard ratio 2.095, 95% confidence interval 1.088 to 3.664, p = 0.022) and additional adjustment for the left ventricular ejection fraction, reperfusion therapy, and persistent smoking (hazard ratio 1.869, 95% confidence interval 1.007 to 3.468, p = 0.041). In conclusion, patients with premature STEMI and N/NNCAs have fewer lipid abnormalities, higher homocysteine levels and prevalence of MTHFR TT genotype, and better long-term prognosis compared with their counterparts with significant CAD.

PMID: 28689750 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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