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Health care-associated acute pyelonephritis is associated with inappropriate empiric antibiotic therapy in the ED.
Am J Emerg Med. 2016 Apr 13;
Authors: Park SY, Oh WS, Kim YS, Yeom JS, Choi HK, Kwak YG, Jun JB, Chung JW, Rhee JY, Kim BN
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Acute pyelonephritis (APN) is one of the most common bacterial infections. Because health care-associated (HCA) infections in the community setting have similar characteristics to hospital-acquired infections, HCA infections should be distinguished from community-acquired (CA) infections. However, the impact of HCA-APN on treatment outcomes has not been clearly defined. This study aimed to analyze the impact of HCA-APN on the appropriateness of empiric antibiotic therapy and outcomes in community-onset APN.
METHODS: We prospectively identified women older than 18years who were hospitalized with APN via the emergency department and whose urine culture grew bacteria at 10 acute care hospitals in South Korea.
RESULTS: Of the 388 APN episodes that were included, 99 (25.5%) were HCA-APN and 289 (74.5%) were CA-APN. Compared with patients with CA-APN, patients with HCA-APN had comorbid conditions and septic shock more frequently. Health care-associated APN was caused by resistant uropathogens more often. Patients with HCA-APN had poorer outcomes (ie, early/final clinical and microbiologic failures); however, this was not statistically significant. Patients with HCA-APN had significantly longer hospital stays than did patients with CA-APN. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis for inappropriate empiric therapy, HCA-APN (odds ratio, 1.96; 95% confidence interval, 1.07-3.57; P=.03) and being bed-ridden (odds ratio, 3.04; 95% confidence interval, 1.31-7.07; P=.01) were significant.
CONCLUSIONS: Health care-associated APN was associated with inappropriate empiric antibiotic therapy, which might lead to worse outcomes. These HCA factors should be considered when prescribing empiric antibiotic therapy in patients with community-onset APN.
PMID: 27130586 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]