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Ceftazidime/Avibactam and Ceftolozane/Tazobactam: "Second generation" beta-Lactam/beta-Lactamase Combinations.
Clin Infect Dis. 2016 Apr 20;
Authors: van Duin D, Bonomo RA
Abstract
Ceftolozane/tazobactam and ceftazidime/avibactam are two novel β-lactam/β-lactamase combination antibiotics. The antimicrobial spectrum of activity of these antibiotics includes multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacteria, includingPseudomonas aeruginosa.Ceftazidime/avibactam is also active against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae that produceKlebsiella pneumoniaecarbapenemases. However, avibactam does not inactivate metallo-β-lactamases such as New Delhi metallo-β-lactamases. Both ceftolozane/tazobactam and ceftazidime/avibactam are only available as intravenous formulations and are dosed three times daily in patients with normal renal function. Clinical trials showed non-inferiority to comparators of both agents when used in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections and complicated intra-abdominal infections (when used with metronidazole). Results from pneumonia studies are not yet been reported. In summary, ceftolozane/tazobactam and ceftazidime/avibactam are two new second-generation cephalosporin/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations. After appropriate trials are conducted, they may prove useful in the treatment of multi-drug resistant gram-negative bacterial infections. Antimicrobial stewardship will be essential to preserve the activity of these agents.
PMID: 27098166 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]