One-hour rule-in and rule-out of acute myocardial infarction using high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I.
Am Heart J. 2016 Jan;171(1):92-102.e5
Authors: Jaeger C, Wildi K, Twerenbold R, Reichlin T, Rubini Gimenez M, Neuhaus JD, Grimm K, Boeddinghaus J, Hillinger P, Nestelberger T, Singeisen H, Gugala M, Pretre G, Puelacher C, Wagener M, Honegger U, Schumacher C, Moreno Weidmann Z, Kreutzinger P, Krivoshei L, Freese M, Stelzig C, Dietsche S, Ernst S, Rentsch K, Osswald S, Mueller C
Abstract
UNLABELLED: We aimed to prospectively derive and validate a novel 0-/1-hour algorithm using high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) for the early "rule-out" and "rule-in" of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
METHODS: In a prospective multicenter diagnostic study, we enrolled 1,500 patients presenting with suspected AMI to the emergency department. The final diagnosis was centrally adjudicated by 2 independent cardiologists blinded to hs-cTnI concentrations. The hs-cTnI (Siemens Vista) 0-/1-hour algorithm incorporated measurements performed at baseline and absolute changes within 1 hour, was derived in the first 750 patients (derivation cohort), and then validated in the second 750 (validation cohort).
RESULTS: Overall, AMI was the final diagnosis in 16% of patients. Applying the hs-cTnI 0-/1-hour algorithm developed in the derivation cohort to the validation cohort, 57% of patients could be classified as "rule-out"; 10%, as "rule-in"; and 33%, as "observe." In the validation cohort, the sensitivity and the negative predictive value for AMI in the "rule-out" zone were 100% (95% CI 96%-100%) and 100% (95% CI 99%-100%), respectively. The specificity and the positive predictive value (PPV) for AMI in the "rule-in" zone were 96% (95% CI 94%-97%) and 70% (95% CI 60%-79%), respectively. Negative predictive value and positive predictive value of the 0-/1-hour algorithm were higher compared to the standard of care combining hs-cTnI with the electrocardiogram (both P < .001).
CONCLUSION: The hs-cTnI 0-/1-hour algorithm performs very well for early rule-out as well as rule-in of AMI. The clinical implications are that used in conjunction with all other clinical information, the 0-/1-hour algorithm will be a safe and effective approach to substantially reduce time to diagnosis.
PMID: 26699605 [PubMed - in process]