A Clinical Decision Rule Identifies Risk Factors Associated With Antimicrobial-Resistant Urinary Pathogens in the Emergency Department: A Retrospective Validation Study.

Link to article at PubMed

A Clinical Decision Rule Identifies Risk Factors Associated With Antimicrobial-Resistant Urinary Pathogens in the Emergency Department: A Retrospective Validation Study.

Ann Pharmacother. 2015 Mar 20;

Authors: Faine BA, Harland KK, Porter B, Liang SY, Mohr N

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Identifying patients at high risk for multidrug-resistant urinary tract infections (UTIs) is important for guiding empirical antimicrobial therapy. Clinical risk factors associated with antimicrobial-resistant urinary pathogens and the derivation of a simple clinical decision rule could help define health care-associated UTI.
OBJECTIVE: To derive a simple clinical decision rule to identify clinical risk factors associated with antimicrobial-resistant urinary pathogens.
METHODS: This was a retrospective case-control study of all emergency department (ED) patients from July 1, 2011, to July 1, 2012, who presented to the ED with UTI and a positive urine culture. Candidate risk factors were collected retrospectively from medical record review. We compared differences in patient characteristics stratified by the presence of an antimicrobial-resistant urinary pathogen.
RESULTS: A total of 360 patients with UTI had a positive, noncontaminated urine culture during the study period. About 6.7% of patients (n = 24) had a multidrug-resistant (MDR) urinary infection. Logistic regression modeling identified 3 clinical factors associated with the identification of a MDR pathogen: male sex, chronic hemodialysis, and nursing home residence. A scoring system was created to identify patients with MDR pathogens. Test characteristics were calculated using bootstrapping for internal validation, with a sensitivity of 74.7% (95% CI = 55.1%-91.3%) and specificity of 85.1% (95% CI = 77.8%-86.2%), positive likelihood ratio of 4.3, and a negative likelihood ratio of 0.3.
CONCLUSIONS: Clinical factors can be used to identify UTI patients at high risk of MDR urinary pathogens.

PMID: 25795004 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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