Vancomycin-Associated Nephrotoxicity in the Critically Ill: A Retrospective Multivariate Regression Analysis.

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Vancomycin-Associated Nephrotoxicity in the Critically Ill: A Retrospective Multivariate Regression Analysis.

Crit Care Med. 2014 Jul 31;

Authors: Hanrahan TP, Harlow G, Hutchinson J, Dulhunty JM, Lipman J, Whitehouse T, Roberts JA

Abstract
OBJECTIVES:: To evaluate the influence of vancomycin dose, serum trough concentration, and dosing strategy on the evolution of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients.
DESIGN:: Retrospective, single-center, observational study.
SETTING:: University Hospital ICU, Birmingham, UK.
PATIENTS:: All critically ill patients receiving vancomycin from December 1, 2004, to August 31, 2009.
INTERVENTION:: None.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:: The prevalence of new onset nephrotoxicity was reported using Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, End-stage renal disease criteria, and independent factors predictive of nephrotoxicity were identified using logistic regression analysis. Complete data were available for 1,430 patients. Concomitant vasoactive therapy (odds ratio = 1.633; p < 0.001), median serum vancomycin (odds ratio = 1.112; p < 0.001), and duration of therapy (odds ratio = 1.041; p ≤ 0.001) were significant positive predictors of nephrotoxicity. Intermittent infusion was associated with a significantly greater risk of nephrotoxicity than continuous infusion (odds ratio = 8.204; p ≤ 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS:: In a large dataset, higher serum vancomycin concentrations and greater duration of therapy are independently associated with increased odds of nephrotoxicity. Furthermore, continuous infusion is associated with a decreased likelihood of nephrotoxicity compared with intermittent infusion. This large dataset supports the use of continuous infusion of vancomycin in critically ill patients.

PMID: 25083977 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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