Factors Associated with In-Hospital Death by Site of Consultation among Elderly Inpatients Receiving Pain and Palliative Care Consultations.
J Palliat Med. 2014 Jun 25;
Authors: Sekiguchi K, Bell CL, Masaki KH, Fischberg DJ
Abstract
Abstract Background: Despite palliative care implementation, most deaths still occur in hospitals. Objectives: To identify factors associated with in-hospital death among elderly patients receiving palliative care, by site of consultation. Design: Prospective observational study. Setting/Subjects: All inpatients aged 65 years and older receiving pain and palliative care consultations in a 533-bed acute tertiary care hospital in Honolulu, Hawaii, from January 2005 through December 2009. Measurements: During consultation, demographics, diagnoses, consultation site (intensive care unit [ICU], non-ICU medical, non-ICU surgical, and rehabilitation floors), consultation indication (assistance with establishing goals of care versus pain and/or symptom management), Karnofsky scores, length of stay (LOS), discharge disposition, and in-hospital death were collected. Multiple logistic regression analyses examined factors associated with in-hospital death. Results: Of 1630 elderly inpatients receiving palliative care, 305 (19%) died in-hospital. In-hospital death among non-ICU medical patients was associated with needing consultation to assist with plan of care (odds ratio [OR]=1.89, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.27-2.80). Likelihood of in-hospital death increased 2% for each additional hospital day before consultation (OR=1.02, 95% CI=1.01-1.03). Among elderly ICU patients, likelihood of in-hospital death increased 8% for each additional hospital day before consultation (OR=1.08, 95% CI=1.01-1.16). Conclusion: Among elderly non-ICU medical patients receiving palliative care consultations, the need for a consultation to assist with plan of care was associated with in-hospital death, while length of stay prior to consultation was important among both elderly ICU and non-ICU medical patients. Elderly hospitalized patients may benefit from earlier identification and palliative care consultation for assistance with plan of care to avoid in-hospital death.
PMID: 24964186 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]