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Screening for novel risk factors related to peripherally inserted central catheter-associated complications.
J Hosp Med. 2014 Jun 9;
Authors: Moran J, Colbert CY, Song J, Mathews J, Arroliga AC, Varghees S, Hull J, Reddy S
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) are increasingly utilized. Patient and system factors that increase risk of complications should be identified to avoid preventable patient harm.
METHODS: A case control analysis of adult inpatients who underwent PICC placement from January 2009 to January 2010 at Scott & White Memorial Hospital was conducted to determine the incidence and risk factors for complications. One hundred seventy cases of inpatients who experienced PICC-related complications were identified. Age- and gender-matched controls were randomly selected among patients who underwent PICC placement without documented complications during this time.
RESULTS: A total of 1444 PICCs were placed, with a complication rate of 11.77% (95% confidence interval: 10.11%-13.44%). Complications included catheter-associated thrombosis (3%), mechanical complications (4%), catheter-associated bloodstream infections (2%), and cellulitis (1%). In multivariable logistic regression analyses, malnutrition and after-hours placement were significantly associated with increased risk of complications, as was body mass index (BMI) >30 after adjusting for anticoagulation and time of placement. In a secondary multivariable logistic regression analysis, after-hours placement and malnutrition were significantly associated with increased risk of nonmechanical complications. Additionally, in conditional univariate analyses, length of stay, malnutrition, and after-hours placement were associated with increased risk of catheter-associated thrombosis. In our multivariable logistic regression analyses, use of anticoagulation/antiplatelet agents was associated with decreased risk of all-cause complications, nonmechanical complications, and catheter-associated thrombosis.
CONCLUSIONS: Screening of patients undergoing PICC placement with attention to malnutrition, BMI >30, and length of stay may reduce the risk of PICC-associated complications. Use of anticoagulation/antiplatelet agents and avoiding after-hours placement may reduce complications and enhance patient safety. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2014. © 2014 Society of Hospital Medicine.
PMID: 24911379 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]