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Urinary cystatin C levels as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in patients with acute kidney injury.
Nephrology (Carlton). 2013 Apr;18(4):256-62
Authors: Park MY, Choi SJ, Kim JK, Hwang SD, Lee YW
Abstract
AIM: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication in critically ill patients and is associated with a high mortality. Clinicians have limited tools to predict the course of AKI at the time of serum creatinine increase. We evaluated the diagnostic and prognostic utility of urinary cystatin C (uCysC) in patients with AKI.
METHODS: In this study, serum and uCysC and urinary creatinine (uCr) were measured in patients presenting with acute kidney injury. The patients were divided into two groups: those with prerenal AKI and those with an intrinsic AKI. Prerenal AKI was defined as a new-onset increase in serum creatinine (sCr) that resolved within 72 h and returned to the baseline kidney function level. Patients with intrinsic AKI were defined and classified according to the Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) criteria.
RESULTS: Of the total number of patients (n = 213), 40.4% (n = 86) were judged to have prerenal AKI and 59.6% (n = 127) intrinsic AKI. uCysC values and the uCysC/uCr ratio were significantly higher in intrinsic AKI versus prerenal AKI. In intrinsic AKI, the uCysC concentration increased with AKI severity. The uCysC/uCr ratio was significantly higher in the RRT group versus the non-RRT group (0.15 vs. 0.08, respectively; P = 0.037). In a multivariate analysis, the uCysC/uCr ratio was associated with in-hospital mortality (P = 0.019).
CONCLUSIONS: uCysC level and the uCysC/uCr ratio were useful biomarkers of intrinsic AKI, and the uCysC/uCr ratio was predictive of in-hospital death in AKI patients.
PMID: 23414098 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]