Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Post-Acute-Care Facilities in Israel.

Link to article at PubMed

Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Post-Acute-Care Facilities in Israel.

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2011 Sep;32(9):845-53

Authors: Ben-David D, Masarwa S, Navon-Venezia S, Mishali H, Fridental I, Rubinovitch B, Smollan G, Carmeli Y, Schwaber MJ

Objective.?To assess the prevalence of and risk factors for carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) carriage among patients in post-acute-care facilities (PACFs) in Israel. Design, Setting, and Patients.?A cross-sectional prevalence survey was conducted in 12 PACFs. Rectal swab samples were obtained from 1,144 patients in 33 wards. Risk factors for CRKP carriage were assessed among the cohort. Next, a nested, matched case-control study was conducted to define individual risk factors for colonization. Finally, the cohort of patients with a history of CRKP carriage was characterized to determine risk factors for continuous carriage. Results.?The prevalence of rectal carriage of CRKP among 1,004 patients without a history of CRKP carriage was 12.0%. Independent risk factors for CRKP carriage were prolonged length of stay (odds ratio [OR], 1.001; [Formula: see text]), sharing a room with a known carrier (OR, 3.09; [Formula: see text]), and increased prevalence of known carriers on the ward (OR, 1.02; [Formula: see text]). A policy of screening for carriage on admission was protective (OR, 0.41; [Formula: see text]). Risk factors identified in the nested case-control study were antibiotic exposure during the prior 3 months (OR, 1.66; [Formula: see text]) and colonization with other resistant pathogens (OR, 1.64; [Formula: see text]). Among 140 patients with a history of CRKP carriage, 47% were colonized. Independent risk factors for continued CRKP carriage were antibiotic exposure during the prior 3 months (OR, 3.05; [Formula: see text]), receipt of amoxicillin-clavulanate (OR, 4.18; [Formula: see text]), and screening within 90 days of the first culture growing CRKP (OR, 2.9; [Formula: see text]). Conclusions.?We found a large reservoir of CRKP in PACFs. Infection-control polices and antibiotic exposure were associated with patient colonization.

PMID: 21828964 [PubMed - in process]

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