Generalized convulsive status epilepticus in adults and children: treatment guidelines and protocols.

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Generalized convulsive status epilepticus in adults and children: treatment guidelines and protocols.

Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2011 Feb;29(1):51-64

Authors: Shearer P, Riviello J

Generalized convulsive status epilepticus (GCSE) has a high morbidity and mortality, such that the rapid delivery of anticonvulsant therapy should be initiated within minutes of seizure onset to prevent permanent neuronal damage. GCSE is not a specific disease but is a manifestation of either a primary central nervous system (CNS) insult or a systemic disorder with secondary CNS effects. It is mandatory to look for an underlying cause. First-line therapies for seizures and status epilepticus include the use of a benzodiazepine, followed by an infusion of a phenytoin with a possible role for intravenous valproate or phenobarbital. If these first-line medications fail to terminate the GCSE, treatment includes the continuous infusion of midazolam, pentobarbital, or propofol.

PMID: 21109102 [PubMed - in process]

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